Step 3 - Program the Yocto firmware

The ConnectCore MP15 is shipped without a default operating system loaded. Only the ARM Trusted Firmware, OPTEE, and U-Boot are flashed in the device. This step demonstrates how to install Digi Embedded Yocto in your ConnectCore MP15.

Establish a serial connection with your device
Download the firmware
Program the firmware

1. Establish a serial connection with your device

Open a serial connection with the device. You can use any serial terminal program such as Tera Term, Minicom, CoolTerm, or HyperTerminal.

PuTTY terminal program is not recommended due to an incompatibility with the USB/serial driver.

Open a serial connection with the following settings:

Parameter	Value
Port	Serial port where the device is connected
Baud rate	115200
Data bits	8
Parity	None
Stop bits	1
Flow control	None

Parameter

Value

Port

Serial port where the device is connected

Baud rate

115200

Data bits

Parity

None

Stop bits

Flow control

None

2. Download the firmware

To access firmware images, please fill out the following form to provide some information so we can better understand your project needs.

If the form doesn’t load after a few seconds, you may need to refresh the page. Contact Digi Support Services if you are not able to access the firmware images.

3. Program the firmware

There are multiple methods of programming the firmware to the target:

Use the Universal Update Utility (UUU) through a USB connection to your development PC.
Use a microSD card to install the firmware directly in the target.
Use USB mass storage to install the firmware directly in the target.

Program the firmware using UUU

Decompress the zip file in a directory of your choice.
Download the latest Universal Update Utility (UUU), a software tool from NXP.

UUU version should be 1.5.11 or higher.
Place the uuu executable in a directory in your PATH, such as /usr/bin.

Install udev rules to allow any user to run uuu to access the USB port:

$ sudo sh -c "uuu -udev >> /etc/udev/rules.d/70-uuu.rules"
$ sudo udevadm control --reload

Connect a micro USB cable to your development PC and the other end to the target USB OTG connector.

Reset the device by pressing the reset button on the board and immediately press any key in the serial terminal to stop the auto-boot process. The U-Boot bootloader prompt displays:

NOTICE:  CPU: STM32MP157CAC Rev.Z
NOTICE:  Model: Digi International ConnectCore MP15 Development Kit
NOTICE:  BL2: v2.6-stm32mp1-r2.1(release):dub-2021.10-r4.2(8fdd4435)
NOTICE:  BL2: Built : 14:41:33, Sep 14 2023
NOTICE:  BL2: Booting BL32
optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 3.16 (43350dda)


U-Boot dub-2021.10-r4.2 (Sep 14 2023 - 14:40:08 +0000)

CPU: STM32MP157CAC Rev.Z
DRAM:  512 MiB
optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 3.16 (43350dda)
Clocks:
- MPU : 650 MHz
- MCU : 208.878 MHz
- AXI : 266.500 MHz
- PER : 24 MHz
- DDR : 533 MHz
WDT:   Started with servicing (32s timeout)
NAND:  512 MiB
MMC:   STM32 SD/MMC: 1
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Model: Digi International ConnectCore MP15 Development Kit
ConnectCore MP15 SOM variant 0x01: 512 MiB DDR3, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth
  Board version 1
Boot:  NAND
Net:   eth0: ethernet@5800a000
Normal Boot
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
=>

Information in the console log may vary.

On the target, in U-Boot, execute the following command:
```
=> fastboot 0
```
On your development PC, change to the directory where you extracted the ZIP file:
```
$ cd <zip-folder>
```

Run the install_linux_fw_uuu.sh script with -h parameter to check the syntax:

$ ./install_linux_fw_uuu.sh -h
############################################################
#           Linux firmware install through USB OTG         #
############################################################
Usage: ./install_linux_fw_uuu.sh [options]

  Options:
   -a <atf-filename>      Arm-trusted-firmware filename.
                          Auto-determined by variant if not provided.
   -b                     Activate bootcount mechanism (3 boot attempts).
   -d                     Install firmware on dualboot partitions (system A and system B).
                          (Implies -b).
   -f <fip-filename>      FIP filename.
                          Auto-determined by variant if not provided.
   -h                     Show this help.
   -i <dey-image-name>    Image name that prefixes the image filenames, such as 'dey-image-qt',
                          'dey-image-webkit', 'core-image-base'...
                          Defaults to 'dey-image-webkit' if not provided.
   -n                     No wait. Skips 10 seconds delay to stop script.

To program the default image files (dey-image-webkit):

$ ./install_linux_fw_uuu.sh

If your SOM has a U-Boot v2021.10-r3 or older, the install process programs the new U-Boot but fails immediately after booting it. This is due to the reworked NAND partition layout on U-Boots newer than v2021.10-r3. Press Ctrl+C on your host to cancel the script, run fastboot 0 again on the target, and retry.

For more information, check Storage layout

Once the firmware is installed, the device boots automatically. The default username is root with no password.

Program the firmware using uSD card

Decompress the zip file.
Place the decompressed files in the root of a FAT-formatted microSD card and insert it in the microSD socket of the board.

Reset the device by pressing the reset button on the board and immediately press any key in the serial terminal to stop the auto-boot process. The U-Boot bootloader prompt displays:

NOTICE:  CPU: STM32MP157CAC Rev.Z
NOTICE:  Model: Digi International ConnectCore MP15 Development Kit
NOTICE:  BL2: v2.6-stm32mp1-r2.1(release):dub-2021.10-r4.2(8fdd4435)
NOTICE:  BL2: Built : 14:41:33, Sep 14 2023
NOTICE:  BL2: Booting BL32
optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 3.16 (43350dda)


U-Boot dub-2021.10-r4.2 (Sep 14 2023 - 14:40:08 +0000)

CPU: STM32MP157CAC Rev.Z
DRAM:  512 MiB
optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 3.16 (43350dda)
Clocks:
- MPU : 650 MHz
- MCU : 208.878 MHz
- AXI : 266.500 MHz
- PER : 24 MHz
- DDR : 533 MHz
WDT:   Started with servicing (32s timeout)
NAND:  512 MiB
MMC:   STM32 SD/MMC: 1
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Model: Digi International ConnectCore MP15 Development Kit
ConnectCore MP15 SOM variant 0x01: 512 MiB DDR3, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth
  Board version 1
Boot:  NAND
Net:   eth0: ethernet@5800a000
Normal Boot
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
=>

Information in the console log may vary.

Check the U-Boot version on the console boot banner. If the version is dub-2021.10-r1.1, set the following script variable and save it. You can skip this step if you have a newer U-Boot version:
```
=> setenv install_linux_fw_sd 'if load mmc 1 ${loadaddr} install_linux_fw_sd.scr;then source ${loadaddr};fi;'
=> saveenv
```

To install the default firmware images (dey-image-webkit) into the internal NAND, run the following command:

=> run install_linux_fw_sd

To program other images, set the variable image-name to the DEY image name (such as dey-image-webkit or core-image-base) before running the script.

=> setenv image-name core-image-base
=> run install_linux_fw_sd

If your SOM has a U-Boot v2021.10-r3 or older, the install process programs the new U-Boot but fails immediately after booting it. This is due to the reworked NAND partition layout on U-Boots newer than v2021.10-r3. Execute run install_linux_fw_sd again on the target to retry the command with the new U-Boot.

For more information, check Storage layout

Once the firmware is installed, the device boots automatically. The default username is root with no password.

During installation, error messages appear when the installation process attempts to override MAC addresses. These messages are expected.

## Resetting to default environment
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9A  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fa
## Error: Can't overwrite "ethaddr"
himport_r: can't insert "ethaddr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fa" into hash table
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9B  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fb
## Error: Can't overwrite "eth1addr"
himport_r: can't insert "eth1addr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fb" into hash table
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9C  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fc
## Error: Can't overwrite "wlanaddr"
himport_r: can't insert "wlanaddr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fc" into hash table
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9D  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fd
## Error: Can't overwrite "btaddr"
himport_r: can't insert "btaddr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fd" into hash table

Program the firmware using USB mass storage

Follow these steps to install Yocto in the device:

Decompress the zip file.
Place the decompressed files in the root of a FAT-formatted USB mass storage and insert it in the USB host connector of the board.

Reset the device by pressing the reset button on the board and immediately press any key in the serial terminal to stop the auto-boot process. The U-Boot bootloader prompt displays:

NOTICE:  CPU: STM32MP157CAC Rev.Z
NOTICE:  Model: Digi International ConnectCore MP15 Development Kit
NOTICE:  BL2: v2.6-stm32mp1-r2.1(release):dub-2021.10-r4.2(8fdd4435)
NOTICE:  BL2: Built : 14:41:33, Sep 14 2023
NOTICE:  BL2: Booting BL32
optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 3.16 (43350dda)


U-Boot dub-2021.10-r4.2 (Sep 14 2023 - 14:40:08 +0000)

CPU: STM32MP157CAC Rev.Z
DRAM:  512 MiB
optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 3.16 (43350dda)
Clocks:
- MPU : 650 MHz
- MCU : 208.878 MHz
- AXI : 266.500 MHz
- PER : 24 MHz
- DDR : 533 MHz
WDT:   Started with servicing (32s timeout)
NAND:  512 MiB
MMC:   STM32 SD/MMC: 1
In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Model: Digi International ConnectCore MP15 Development Kit
ConnectCore MP15 SOM variant 0x01: 512 MiB DDR3, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth
  Board version 1
Boot:  NAND
Net:   eth0: ethernet@5800a000
Normal Boot
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0
=>

Information in the console log may vary.

Check the U-Boot version on the console boot banner. If the version is dub-2021.10-r1.1, set the following script variable and save it. You can skip this step if you have a newer U-Boot version:
```
=> setenv install_linux_fw_usb 'usb start;if load usb 0 ${loadaddr} install_linux_fw_usb.scr;then source ${loadaddr};fi;'
=> saveenv
```

To install the default firmware images (dey-image-webkit) into the internal NAND, run the following command:

=> run install_linux_fw_usb

To program other images, set the variable image-name to the DEY image name (such as dey-image-webkit or core-image-base) before running the script.

=> setenv image-name core-image-base
=> run install_linux_fw_usb

If your SOM has a U-Boot v2021.10-r3 or older, the install process programs the new U-Boot but fails immediately after booting it. This is due to the reworked NAND partition layout on U-Boots newer than v2021.10-r3. Execute run install_linux_fw_usb again on the target to retry the command with the new U-Boot.

For more information, check Storage layout

Once the firmware is installed, the device boots automatically. The default username is root with no password.

During installation, error messages appear when the installation process attempts to override MAC addresses. These messages are expected.

## Resetting to default environment
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9A  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fa
## Error: Can't overwrite "ethaddr"
himport_r: can't insert "ethaddr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fa" into hash table
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9B  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fb
## Error: Can't overwrite "eth1addr"
himport_r: can't insert "eth1addr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fb" into hash table
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9C  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fc
## Error: Can't overwrite "wlanaddr"
himport_r: can't insert "wlanaddr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fc" into hash table
oldval: 00:40:9D:7D:17:9D  defval: 00:04:f3:ff:ff:fd
## Error: Can't overwrite "btaddr"
himport_r: can't insert "btaddr=00:04:f3:ff:ff:fd" into hash table